HistoryT1Strongly SupportedMuqaddimah, Ch. 2-3
Civilizations rise and fall based on social cohesion (asabiyyah)
Ibn Khaldun theorized that civilizations follow a cyclical pattern: strong asabiyyah (social solidarity) drives a group to power, but luxury and complacency erode it within 3-4 generations, leading to decline. This framework has been applied to analyze the Umayyad, Abbasid, and Ottoman trajectories.